An objective assessment of accessible routes for manual wheelchair users on a university campus : a research report presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Construction in Quantity Surveying, Massey University, New Zealand

Abstract

Navigating in the built environment is essential for participating in daily activities. While most people use traditional wayfinding systems to find the fastest route, manual wheelchair (MWC) users need a more comprehensive system that captures the accessibility of the route and the physical effort required to use it as they face enormous challenges when navigating the built environment. This research evaluates a case study of a sample of routes on the Massey University East Precinct campus and provides an objective assessment of the accessibility of indoor and outdoor paths for MWC users. It develops a method for assessing the energy cost of each route using the rolling resistance of a weighted MWC. This information is presented on a map showing the directional energy cost in a colour-coded format for easy understanding. Features on the sample routes such as slope, cross-slope and doorways are assessed for their compliance with the New Zealand Building Code. The non-compliant features are also included on the map since they represent particular challenges to MWC users. The map is supplemented by navigation plans which provide directions of the routes and the description (such as slope and surface materials) of different parts along these routes. The method was determined to be statistically reliable as it reflected a higher rolling resistance on (i) rough surfaces, (ii) sloped surfaces and (iii) when the weight increased. It provided a true representation of the energy required to propel on different paths for the MWC users. The research also highlights features of the built environment which need to be addressed in order to improve MWC user accessibility. Chief among these, is the need to plan for practical alternative route when a path is temporarily blocked for maintenance and to focus efforts on removing the non-compliant sections of the routes.